MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ON SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

FITRATION

1)The component left behind on the filter paper is:

Answer:  residue

2)The component collected in the flask is:

Answer: filtrate

3)Filtration can be used to separate:

Answer: insoluble solid and liquid

4)Filtration works on the principle of separation based on:

Answer: size of particles

5)Filtration can be used to separate:

Answer: coffee powder from coffee

DISTILLATION

1)The method shown above is:

Answer: distillation

2)The liquid collected from condensed vapours is called:

Answer: distillate

3)Distillation involves: 

Answer: evaporation and condensation

4)Distillation is used to separate:

Answer: liquids with different boiling points

5)Distillation can be used to separate solute from solvent:

Answer: true

SEPARATING FUNNEL

1)The method shown is used for separation of:

Answer: immiscible liquids

2)In the figure the yellow coloured liquid is:

Answer: lighter liquid

3)In this method separation is based on principle of difference in:

Answer: density

4)This method can be used for separation of:

Answer: oil from water

5)This method cannot be used for separation of:

Answer: alcohol and water

SUBLIMATION

1)Sublimate is collected on:

Answer: inverted funnel

2)Sublimation can be used to separate:

Answer: iodine and sand

3)Which of these is required in sublimation:

Answer: funnel

4)Sublimation cannot be used to separate:

Answer: iodine and camphor

5)Example of two sublimating substances are:

Answer: camphor and ammonium chloride

CHROMATOGRAPHY

1)In the above figure the stationery phase is:

Answer: paper

2)In the above figure the mobile phase is:

Answer: solvent

3)This method of separation is based on the difference in:

Answer: solubility

4)Chromatography can be used to determine purity of a substance:

Answer: True

5)In chromatography, the component which has lower solubility appears at:

Answer: bottom of paper

FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

1)This method of separation is based on the difference in:

Answer: boiling points

2)Fractional distillation is used for the separation of:

Answer: crude oil

3)Fractional distillation is used to separate:

Answer: miscible liquids

4)Fractional distillation is used to separate miscible liquids with boiling point difference:

Answer: less than 25^oC

5)Fractional distillation differs from simple distillation in:

Answer: height of distillation column

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS ON MIXTURE SEPARATIONS

1) Which is the correct sequence for separation of a mixture of alcohol, sugar, water and oil?

Answer: Separating funnel, fractional distillation and evaporation

2) What will be correct order of steps to separate a mixture of sawdust, sugar, water and coconut oil?

Answer: Filtration, separating funnel and evaporation

3)To separate the components of a mixture of sand, common salt and camphor, the correct sequence is:

Answer: Sublimation, dissolving in water, filtration and evaporation

4) What is the order of methods applied to separate the components of a mixture of salt, sand and ammonium chloride?

Answer: Sublimation, dissolving in water, filtration and evaporation

5) A mixture consists of salt, chalk and ammonium chloride. The substance that should be separated first will be:

Answer: Ammonium chloride

6) What will be the order of methods you will use to separate a mixture of iodine, salt and sand?

Answer: Sublimation adding water, filtration and evaporation

7) Which is the correct sequence for separation of a mixture of sand, diesel oil, kerosene oil and water?

Answer: Filtration, separating funnel and fractional distillation

8) Which is the correct sequence for separation of a mixture of ammonium chloride, charcoal, and salt?

Answer: Sublimation, adding water, filtration and distillation

9) One cup each of rice, coconut oil and salt got mixed by mistake. How will you separate this mixture to recover the components?

Answer: Adding water, filtration, separating funnel and evaporation

10) A mixture of oats, sugar and cashew nuts has to be separated. What will be the order of steps taken?

Answer: Handpicking, adding water, filtration and evaporation

SEPARATION TECHNIQUES

FITRATION

This method is used for separation of insoluble solid and liquid from solid-liquid mixture using a filter.

The filter could be a strainer, cloth or paper.

When the solid–liquid mixture is passed through the filter, clear liquid passes through the pores of the filter and is called – filtrate. The solid particles remain on top of the filter and is called residue.

Examples of solid-liquid mixtures that can be separated using this method are – sand-water, saw dust-water, tea leaves-water, fruit seeds-fruit juice.

In the figure A is filter paper, B is residue and C is filtrate.

DISTILLATION

This method is used for separation of soluble solid and liquid from a solid-liquid mixture by evaporation and then condensation of the liquid component.

The solid-liquid mixture is heated in a distillation flask till liquid turns to vapour. The vapours are then cooled in a condenser and collected in separate vessel as shown in the figure below.

Distillation can also be used for separating liquid-liquid mixture when the two liquids have different boiling points.

Examples of solid-liquid mixtures that can be separated using this method are –salt-water, sugar-water. Examples of liquid-liquid mixtures that can be separated using this method are – petrol-diesel, alcohol-water.

SEPARATING FUNNEL

This method is used to separate two immiscible liquids using a separating funnel.

This method works on the principle that lighter liquid will float on heavier liquid.

Examples of liquid-liquid mixtures that can be separated using this method are – oil-water, diesel-water etc.

In the figure A is separating funnel, B is lighter liquid, C and E is heavier liquid, D is stopcock.

SUBLIMATION

This method is used for separating solid-solid mixture if one of the solid sublimes on heating.

In the figure A is cotton plug, B is an inverted funnel, C is the sublimed solid and D is the solid mixture.

Examples of solid-solid mixtures that can be separated using this method are- salt-camphor, sand-iodine.

CHROMATOGRAPHY

This method is used to separate mixture of chemicals which are in liquid or gas state by letting them move over another surface.

The moving substance is the mixture to be separated dissolved in solvent and is called mobile phase. The stationary surface is called stationary phase. As the mobile phase moves it separates into the components.

In the figure A is stationary phase and B is mobile phase

Examples of mixtures that can be separated using this method are – red and blue ink, dyes etc.